Flipper strokes can predict energy expenditure and locomotion costs in free-ranging northern and Antarctic fur seals
Identifieur interne : 001E82 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001E81; suivant : 001E83Flipper strokes can predict energy expenditure and locomotion costs in free-ranging northern and Antarctic fur seals
Auteurs : Tiphaine Jeanniard-Du-Dot [Canada, France] ; Andrew W. Trites [Canada] ; John P. Y. Arnould [Australie] ; John R. Speakman [Royaume-Uni] ; Christophe Guinet [France]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Flipper strokes have been proposed as proxies to estimate the energy expended by marine vertebrates while foraging at sea, but this has never been validated on free-ranging otariids (fur seals and sea lions). Our goal was to investigate how well flipper strokes correlate with energy expenditure in 33 foraging northern and Antarctic fur seals equipped with accelerometers, GPS, and time-depth recorders. We concomitantly measured field metabolic rates with the doubly-labelled water method and derived activity-specific energy expenditures using fine-scale time-activity budgets for each seal. Flipper strokes were detected while diving or surface transiting using dynamic acceleration. Despite some inter-species differences in flipper stroke dynamics or frequencies, both species of fur seals spent 3.79 ± 0.39 J/kg per stroke and had a cost of transport of ~1.6–1.9 J/kg/m while diving. Also, flipper stroke counts were good predictors of energy spent while diving (R2 = 0.76) and to a lesser extent while transiting (R2 = 0.63). However, flipper stroke count was a poor predictor overall of total energy spent during a full foraging trip (R2 = 0.50). Amplitude of flipper strokes (i.e., acceleration amplitude × number of strokes) predicted total energy expenditure (R2 = 0.63) better than flipper stroke counts, but was not as accurate as other acceleration-based proxies, i.e. Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep33912
PubMed: 27658718
PubMed Central: 5034273
Affiliations:
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Trites</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Department of Zoology and Marine Mammal Research Unit, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, 2202 Main Mall, AERL, University of British Columbia</institution>, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arnould, John P Y" sort="Arnould, John P Y" uniqKey="Arnould J" first="John P. Y." last="Arnould">John P. Y. Arnould</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus)</institution>, Geelong,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Speakman, John R" sort="Speakman, John R" uniqKey="Speakman J" first="John R." last="Speakman">John R. Speakman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>The Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zoology Bldg</institution>, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guinet, Christophe" sort="Guinet, Christophe" uniqKey="Guinet C" first="Christophe" last="Guinet">Christophe Guinet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé</institution>, CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Flipper strokes have been proposed as proxies to estimate the energy expended by marine vertebrates while foraging at sea, but this has never been validated on free-ranging otariids (fur seals and sea lions). Our goal was to investigate how well flipper strokes correlate with energy expenditure in 33 foraging northern and Antarctic fur seals equipped with accelerometers, GPS, and time-depth recorders. We concomitantly measured field metabolic rates with the doubly-labelled water method and derived activity-specific energy expenditures using fine-scale time-activity budgets for each seal. Flipper strokes were detected while diving or surface transiting using dynamic acceleration. Despite some inter-species differences in flipper stroke dynamics or frequencies, both species of fur seals spent 3.79 ± 0.39 J/kg per stroke and had a cost of transport of ~1.6–1.9 J/kg/m while diving. Also, flipper stroke counts were good predictors of energy spent while diving (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.76) and to a lesser extent while transiting (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.63). However, flipper stroke count was a poor predictor overall of total energy spent during a full foraging trip (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.50). Amplitude of flipper strokes (i.e., acceleration amplitude × number of strokes) predicted total energy expenditure (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.63) better than flipper stroke counts, but was not as accurate as other acceleration-based proxies, i.e. Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Le Boeuf, B J" uniqKey="Le Boeuf B">B. J. Le Boeuf</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boyd, I L" uniqKey="Boyd I">I. L. Boyd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woakes, A J" uniqKey="Woakes A">A. J. Woakes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Butler, P J" uniqKey="Butler P">P. J. Butler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, R W" uniqKey="Davis R">R. W. Davis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, T M" uniqKey="Williams T">T. M. 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Trites</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Burnham, K P" uniqKey="Burnham K">K. P. Burnham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, D R" uniqKey="Anderson D">D. R. Anderson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jeanniard Du Dot, Tiphaine" sort="Jeanniard Du Dot, Tiphaine" uniqKey="Jeanniard Du Dot T" first="Tiphaine" last="Jeanniard-Du-Dot">Tiphaine Jeanniard-Du-Dot</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Trites, Andrew W" sort="Trites, Andrew W" uniqKey="Trites A" first="Andrew W." last="Trites">Andrew W. Trites</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jeanniard Du Dot, Tiphaine" sort="Jeanniard Du Dot, Tiphaine" uniqKey="Jeanniard Du Dot T" first="Tiphaine" last="Jeanniard-Du-Dot">Tiphaine Jeanniard-Du-Dot</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Guinet, Christophe" sort="Guinet, Christophe" uniqKey="Guinet C" first="Christophe" last="Guinet">Christophe Guinet</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Arnould, John P Y" sort="Arnould, John P Y" uniqKey="Arnould J" first="John P. Y." last="Arnould">John P. Y. Arnould</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Speakman, John R" sort="Speakman, John R" uniqKey="Speakman J" first="John R." last="Speakman">John R. Speakman</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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